\section{Conclusion and Future-work}
\par This thesis has achieved several key goals: identifying the problem, establishing system requirements, modeling system behavior and structure, and designing a component-level mock-up. Based on the requirements provided above, if the Based Station System is in acquisition phase, farmers should be able to monitor their 1000 sqrt farming area without the need of public utilities such as internet and cloud services. Farmers have this build to last for 10 years lifespan to support their irrigration activity. While this approach can drive the system toward implementation, it is still limited by the scope of stakeholder-defined requirements. If the number of requirements exceeds 30 items, the document-based method may become insufficient for maintaining full traceability.

It is also important to recognize that diagrams are inherently limited—they primarily represent behavioral and structural aspects. When components are swapped or modified, the relationships or flows between functions may be disrupted. In other words, physical part changes often require updates to the model to reflect new interactions or data paths.

There is a need for a Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) approach, which provides a standardized framework for defining structure and relationships if  the number of component in Physical Architecture increase. MBSE also supports function decomposition and component allocation, just as traditional document-driven methods do. It offers additional benefits in terms of model reusability and traceability, especially when the number of stakeholders or requirements grows. In such cases, adopting SysML may be advantageous, as it encourages careful parameter definition in the early stages (black-box) model building for supporting long-term traceability and system evolution. With Back-box model,  It exposes the features of the system that are visible from an external observer and hides the internal details of the design (\cite{sebokwiki_typesofsystems}).  A white-box model of a system, on the other hand, shows the internal structure and displays the behavior of the system. Utilizing the black and white box module can enhance function decomposition  since external environment is accounted and addressed how system perform in different environment.
